剑桥 C2 Proficiency 练习

Assuage means to make an unpleasant feeling less intense. Ease captures this sense, while worsen, ignore and hide describe different actions.

Under no circumstances triggers inversion, so the modal should comes before the subject employees. This emphatic structure is standard in formal English.

Generosity is the quality of being willing to give, which matches volunteers giving time freely. The other nouns suggest unwillingness or unkindness.

Part 2 of CPE Reading and Use of English is an open cloze, where candidates supply a single grammatical or lexical word for each gap without options.

Otherwise introduces the consequence of failing to meet the condition. Therefore and although do not fit this cause-and-effect warning.

Indispensable describes something so important that it cannot be done without. Essential is the closest synonym among the options.

By plus a future time signals the future perfect. Will have been completed shows the renovation will already be finished before that future moment.

Inventive means creative and original, matching praise for an unpredictable plot. Conventional, contrived and formulaic all suggest something predictable or unoriginal.

Worded means expressed in particular words, so the response was deliberately phrased to evade the question. Spelt, voiced and sounded do not fit this context.

The inverted conditional expresses an unreal past situation, so the main clause needs might have plus the past participle had.

Multiple matching questions use paraphrase and repeated vocabulary to mislead. Candidates must compare meaning, not just word matches, before choosing a text.

Strong CPE essays acknowledge opposing views and then refute them with evidence. This shows critical thinking and keeps the argument balanced.

Not until at the start of a sentence triggers inversion in the main clause, requiring the auxiliary did before shareholders.

Obfuscate means to make something unclear or difficult to understand. Confuse matches this meaning, while the other options suggest making things clearer.

Cohesion clues such as pronouns, conjunctions and repeated concepts connect each missing sentence to its context. Reading around the gap is the reliable method.

Suggest that introduces the subjunctive, so the passive uses be plus the past participle. This formal structure appears frequently in CPE grammar tasks.

Corroborate is a transitive verb meaning to support with evidence, so it takes a direct object. The other forms add an incorrect preposition or change the verb form.

Reports in CPE require a formal, objective register with clear headings and recommendations. Humorous or emotional language would undermine the task.

After imperative that, the subjunctive uses the base form of the verb regardless of the subject. This formal requirement structure is common in CPE.

Pragmatic describes a realistic, practical approach to problems rather than an idealistic or rigid one. Theoretical and dogmatic are both contrasts.

So at the start of a sentence causes inversion, and the singular subject design requires the past simple was.

The key word must appear exactly as given in every transformation. Changing its form or omitting it invalidates the answer, and it may only be used once.

CPE does not penalise incorrect answers, so leaving blanks is unnecessary. Guessing strategically after eliminating distractors gives candidates a better chance.

Scarcely had plus past participle creates a correct inversion structure, and when introduces the following event. This pattern is standard in formal English.

Infer describes the listener drawing a conclusion, while imply describes the speaker suggesting something. Using them interchangeably changes the meaning of a sentence.

Correct answers rest on meaning and paraphrase, not simple word matching. Identical vocabulary often appears in distractors that distort the text's actual claim.

The subjunctive requires the base form after verbs like insist, order and propose. Arrives and was reviewed use indicative forms, so only the first and third are correct.

Underlining question key words and matching ideas by meaning are effective strategies. Slow full translation wastes time, and leaving all rereading until the end is inefficient.

Each CPE writing genre has a distinct format. Essays argue, reports inform objectively, reviews evaluate, and proposals persuade with a structured plan.

Each option illustrates the named structure: inverted negative adverbial, wh-cleft emphasis, full inversion after a place adverbial, and a mixed conditional.

Ubiquitous means present everywhere at the same time, so omnipresent is the nearest match. Obsolete, sporadic, and irrelevant each describe a different quality, making them incorrect.

Candour means frank, honest openness, which fits a diplomat others find difficult to distrust. Lethargy is tiredness, bravado is false boldness, and pedantry is excessive attention to minor rules.

With neither...nor, the verb agrees with the nearer subject, so plural trustees takes were. The singular verbs ignore the closest subject, and the last option uses the wrong passive form.

Reading the whole text first gives context for lexical choices such as collocation and register. Guessing immediately or translating options risks selecting answers without understanding the surrounding sentence.

The expression warns readers that a contrast or qualification follows, not a completely new topic. Recognising discourse markers like this helps candidates follow the writer's reasoning.

Open cloze tasks usually test grammatical words such as prepositions, pronouns, and determiners. Proper nouns and loanwords are rarely tested because they cannot be guessed from grammar.

An apologia is a formal written defence of a position, fitting the idea of a disguised justification. Synthesis blends ideas, a caveat is a warning, and a digression strays from the topic.

Chimerical means wildly impractical or imaginary, which suits unreliable cost projections. Unimpeachable means beyond doubt, perspicuous means clearly expressed, and trenchant means sharply incisive.

A modus vivendi is a practical compromise allowing opposing parties to coexist. Carte blanche means unrestricted freedom, status quo is the existing state, and force majeure refers to extraordinary circumstances.

Scarcely requires inversion with the past perfect: scarcely had plus subject plus past participle. This structure shows that entering happened immediately before the alarm.

In formal conditionals, were may replace if and invert with the subject: were the offer to be withdrawn. The other options mix tenses or leave inversion incomplete.

Part 3 requires a different form of the given word, so prefixes and suffixes are key. Keeping the word unchanged or writing synonyms ignores the task's grammatical focus.

Underlining key words in questions gives a clear target for scanning short texts. Reading only the end or memorising the passage wastes time and risks missing paraphrases.

Analysing the task guarantees the correct register, format, and content coverage. Choosing blindly, skipping planning, or copying the rubric usually produces an off-target response.

The first option uses hedged, impersonal language suitable for academic writing. Absolute, emotional, or colloquial phrasing undermines the detached tone expected in a C2 essay.

The passive reporting structure uses is believed to have been hidden because the hiding happened before the belief. The other options mix active and passive forms incorrectly.

A what-cleft front focuses the object: what plus clause plus be plus highlighted element. The other options scramble the word order and lose grammatical coherence.

A disquisition is a detailed formal discussion, fitting a long historical introduction. A diatribe is a bitter attack, a truism is an obvious statement, and a lament is an expression of sorrow.

Siren works as an adjective meaning dangerously alluring, recalling the mythological singers' irresistible call. Sphinx, chimera, and hydra do not collocate with temptations in standard English.

Negative adverbial fronting requires subject-auxiliary inversion: under no circumstances plus may plus subject. The other options fail to invert or scramble the auxiliary.

Transformation tasks require both grammatical accuracy and meaning preservation. A correct-sounding sentence that shifts meaning fails the task, regardless of word count or spelling.

The structure concedes a point and then counters it, a common pattern in opinion texts. Recognising it helps candidates choose the correct gapped sentence.

Leaving the transfer until the end risks losing answers if time runs out. Regular transfer after each part is safer, though final checking is still recommended.

Reviews need a clear overall judgement, not mechanical balance. Candidates may emphasise strengths or weaknesses as long as the evaluation is justified and consistent.

Part 2 mostly tests grammatical words like prepositions, pronouns, and linkers. Content words can appear, but they are not the dominant pattern in the task.

Exact wording matches are often traps; the exam prefers paraphrases and subtle meaning shifts. Candidates should check evidence for each option against the question.

Not only can invert the auxiliary in formal style or stay in normal order with not only before the verb. The third option fails to invert, and the fourth repeats did with a past form.

Cohesive links and continuity of tense, pronouns, and topic reveal the correct gapped sentence. Skipping surrounding text or rewriting from memory ignores the evidence needed.

A proposal persuades, a review evaluates, a report presents findings, and an essay develops an argument. Matching purpose to format prevents register errors in the writing paper.

Part 1 offers word choices, Part 2 is an open cloze, Part 3 forms derivatives, and Part 4 transforms sentences. Knowing each focus prevents wasted time on the wrong strategy.

Adamant means firmly refusing to change one's mind, which fits a committee that will not alter its position. Amenable suggests willingness, equivocal suggests ambiguity, and reticent suggests quietness or reserve.

This is a third conditional, used for unreal past situations. The if-clause takes the past perfect had known, while the main clause uses would have arrived.

At a loose end describes someone with no particular task or occupation, so the person lacks something to do. The other options suggest financial, emotional, or spatial concerns that the idiom does not convey.

Skimming gives a general sense of topic, tone, and organisation, which helps candidates locate information later. Translating every word, memorising details, or counting paragraphs is neither efficient nor required for CPE comprehension tasks.

An informal email to a friend uses a warm, conversational register with contractions and natural idioms. Legalistic, impersonal academic, or abrupt telegraphic styles suit other genres and would sound wrong in this task.

Should not have lent expresses criticism of a past action, matching the idea that lending was foolish. Need not have lent means it was unnecessary, could implies ability, and must expresses a strong deduction.

The open cloze focuses on grammar and coherence, so answers are usually function words like prepositions, determiners, pronouns, or linking devices. Content vocabulary is more likely to appear in the multiple-choice cloze than in Part 2.

After negative adverbials like never, the auxiliary moves before the subject, giving Never had she seen. The other options keep normal word order or misplace the auxiliary, so they are not correct inverted structures.

CPE reading tasks test comprehension of what the writer actually says, so the credited option is the one the passage supports. Personal knowledge can mislead candidates, while the text itself remains the only reliable evidence for the answer.

To pull out all the stops means to use every available resource and make a maximum effort, originally from organ stops. The other options misinterpret the idiom as withdrawal, delay, or a literal mode of transport.

A review should evaluate style and effect with precise critical language, as the first option does. Buying details, physical facts, and personal obedience add little analysis and do not develop a balanced critical response.

Past perfect progressive had been languishing shows an ongoing state completed before another past event, approval. Simple present, present perfect, or conditional forms do not place the delay clearly before the past decision.

The first listening lets candidates identify the gist and answer confident items; the second listening confirms choices and resolves uncertain ones. Writing full sentences, abandoning the text, or ignoring the stems wastes time and weakens accuracy.

To curb means to restrain or limit something, such as inflation, which fits a government measure. Kindle means to ignite, exacerbate means to make worse, and overlook means to fail to notice.

No matter how introduces a concession clause meaning regardless of, so how long you practise fits grammatically and semantically. The other forms use incorrect quantifiers, word order, or a missing subject, all of which would fail the transformation task.

Part 6 presents four related texts and asks candidates to match statements with the writer who expresses that view. Filling one gap, choosing a title, and transforming sentences describe other parts of the paper and are not Part 6.

A strong CPE essay develops a clear position in ordered paragraphs, maintains formal register, and addresses both task points with evaluation. Colloquial slang undermines the required academic tone and would lower the mark for style.

Both correct options use inversion after negative adverbials: Not until and scarcely require subject-auxiliary inversion. The third lacks the auxiliary before he, and the fourth pairs hardly with than, which belongs to no sooner, making both unacceptable.

Burn the midnight oil means working late, while taking something with a pinch of salt means doubting its truth. Being in two minds describes indecision, and letting the cat out of the bag means disclosing a secret unintentionally.

An article engages a general readership with an opinion, while a review evaluates a cultural product or service. A report presents findings for a named reader, and a proposal recommends action to persuade its audience.