Practice 80 GMAT quantitative and verbal reasoning questions with answers and explanations.
Level: GMATDifficulty: medium80 questions60 min
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Question 1
If x + 9 = 17, what is the value of x?
To isolate x, subtract 9 from both sides of the equation. This gives x = 17 - 9 = 8, which matches option c and can be checked by substituting 8 back: 8 + 9 = 17.
Question 2
What is 20% of 150?
Convert 20 percent to its decimal form 0.20, then multiply by 150: 150 x 0.20 = 30. Option a, 20, is the result of using 20 instead of 20 percent, while option c is the correct 30.
Question 3
Which expression is equivalent to 3(x + 5)?
Apply the distributive property: multiply 3 by each term inside the parentheses. This produces 3x + 15, so option b is correct; the x term must also be multiplied by 3.
Question 4
What is the slope of the line y = 5x - 2?
In y = mx + b, m is the slope, so the slope is 5.
Question 5
What is the area of a rectangle with length 8 and width 3?
Area of a rectangle equals length times width. Substitute the given values: 8 x 3 = 24, so the correct option is c. Option a results from adding instead of multiplying.
Question 6
If x^2 = 144, what is the positive value of x?
Since x is positive, take the positive square root of both sides: the square root of 144 is 12. Options 10, 11, and 14 fail when squared because they do not equal 144.
Question 7
What is the sum of the interior angles of a pentagon?
A pentagon has 5 sides, so the sum is (5 - 2) x 180 = 540 degrees.
Question 8
What is the value of 3^4?
3^4 = 3 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 81.
Question 9
What is 5/8 written as a decimal?
Divide the numerator by the denominator: 5 divided by 8 equals 0.625. The other choices represent 0.58, 0.65, and 0.75, none of which equals 5/8.
Question 10
If y = 3x - 4 and x = 6, what is y?
Substitute x = 6 into the expression: y = 3(6) - 4 = 18 - 4 = 14. Option b is correct; option a, 12, would result if the subtraction was done before multiplying.
Question 11
What is the perimeter of a rectangle with length 7 and width 4?
Perimeter is the sum of all four sides, so use 2(length + width) = 2(7 + 4) = 22. Option b is correct; option a, 11, is only the sum of one length and one width.
Question 12
What is the mean of 6, 10, and 14?
To find the mean, add the three numbers and divide by their count: (6 + 10 + 14) / 3 = 30 / 3 = 10. The middle option, 10, is correct.
Question 13
If 4x = 32, what is x?
Divide both sides of 4x = 32 by 4 to isolate x: x = 32 / 4 = 8. Substituting 8 back into the equation gives 4(8) = 32, confirming the answer.
Question 14
What is the value of |-15|?
Absolute value measures distance from zero on the number line, so it is never negative. The distance from -15 to 0 is 15, making option c correct.
Question 15
What is the area of a circle with radius 4?
Use the circle area formula A = πr^2 with r = 4: A = π(4^2) = 16π. Option c is correct; 8π would come from 2πr, which is circumference, not area.
Question 16
What is the volume of a rectangular prism with dimensions 3, 4, and 5?
Volume of a rectangular prism equals length x width x height: 3 x 4 x 5 = 60. Option c is correct; option d, 120, comes from multiplying by an extra factor of 2.
Question 17
Which ratio is equivalent to 3:4?
Multiplying both parts of 3:4 by 3 gives 9:12.
Question 18
What is 25% of 240?
Convert 25 percent to 0.25 and multiply by 240: 240 x 0.25 = 60. Option c is correct; option d, 80, would be about one-third rather than one-quarter of 240.
Question 19
If p + q = 12 and q = 5, what is p?
Substitute q = 5 into p + q = 12, then subtract 5 from both sides: p = 12 - 5 = 7. The value can be checked because 7 + 5 = 12.
Question 20
If x^3 = 27, what is x?
Because 3 x 3 x 3 = 27, the cube root of 27 is 3. Option b is correct; 6 and 9 produce much larger cubes such as 216 and 729.
Question 21
A machine produces 30 units in 5 hours. What is its rate per hour?
Rate equals total units divided by total hours: 30 / 5 = 6, so the machine produces 6 units per hour. Option b is correct, and 10 units per hour would require 50 units in five hours.
Question 22
Which quantity is greater: 0.625 or 5/8?
Convert the fraction to a decimal by dividing: 5/8 = 0.625. Since both forms represent the same value, the quantities are equal, so option c is correct.
Question 23
Which integer between 20 and 40 is divisible by 2, 3, and 5?
30 is divisible by 2, 3, and 5; the others are not.
Question 24
What is 7/10 + 1/5?
1/5 = 2/10, and 7/10 + 2/10 = 9/10.
Question 25
A bag has 3 red and 5 blue marbles. What is the probability of drawing a red marble?
There are 3 favorable outcomes out of 8 total marbles, so the probability is 3/8.
Question 26
18 is what percent of 72?
Divide the part by the whole, then convert to a percent: 18 / 72 = 0.25 = 25 percent. Option b is correct; 20 percent of 72 is 14.4, not 18.
Question 27
If 3x + 4 = 19, what is x?
Subtract 4 from both sides to get 3x = 15, then divide by 3: x = 5. Substitute 5 back: 3(5) + 4 = 19, which matches the original equation.
Question 28
What is the circumference of a circle with radius 7?
Circumference equals 2πr, so with r = 7: 2π(7) = 14π. Option b is correct; 49π is the value from the area formula πr^2, not the circumference.
Question 29
A car travels 120 miles in 2 hours. What is its average speed?
Average speed equals total distance divided by total time: 120 / 2 = 60 mph. Option b is correct; 240 mph would come from multiplying distance by time instead of dividing.
Question 30
If n is an even integer, which of the following must also be even?
An even integer can be written as 2k. Adding 2 gives 2k + 2 = 2(k + 1), which is still even, so n + 2 must be even. Adding 1 or squaring and adding 1 makes the result odd.
Question 31
What is the value of x? Statement 1: x + 3 = 10. Statement 2: 2x = 14.
Statement 1 gives x = 7 because 10 - 3 = 7, and Statement 2 gives x = 7 because 14 / 2 = 7. Since each statement alone is sufficient, option d is correct.
Question 32
Is x positive? Statement 1: x > 3. Statement 2: x^2 > 9.
x > 3 guarantees x is positive. x^2 > 9 allows negative values, so statement 2 alone is not sufficient.
Question 33
What is the area of a rectangle? Statement 1: Its length is 6. Statement 2: Its width is 4.
Area needs both length and width, so both statements together are sufficient.
Question 34
What is the value of y? Statement 1: y = 2z. Statement 2: z = 5.
y is found only by combining y = 2z with z = 5.
Question 35
Is n divisible by 4? Statement 1: n is divisible by 8. Statement 2: n is divisible by 2.
Any multiple of 8 is also a multiple of 4. Being even does not guarantee divisibility by 4.
Question 36
What is the average of a and b? Statement 1: a + b = 20. Statement 2: a = 12.
The average is (a + b) / 2, so the sum alone is sufficient.
Question 37
Is x > y? Statement 1: x - y > 0. Statement 2: x + y > 0.
x - y > 0 is equivalent to x > y. The sum does not determine the comparison.
Question 38
What is the perimeter of a square? Statement 1: Its side is 6. Statement 2: Its diagonal is 6√2.
Either the side or the diagonal determines the square, so each statement alone is sufficient.
Question 39
What is the value of x + y? Statement 1: x = 4. Statement 2: y = 7.
The sum requires both values, so both statements together are sufficient.
Question 40
Is p a prime number? Statement 1: p has exactly two positive divisors. Statement 2: p > 2.
Having exactly two positive divisors is the definition of a prime number.
Question 41
Which fact most strengthens the claim that a new policy reduced costs?
A close temporal link between the policy and the cost decline supports a causal connection.
Question 42
Which statement most weakens the claim that coffee causes insomnia?
If poor sleep leads people to drink more coffee, the direction of causation may be reversed.
Question 43
A company plans to raise sales by lowering prices. Which is a necessary assumption?
The plan only works if lower prices actually increase demand.
Question 44
All managers attend training. Maria is a manager. Which conclusion is valid?
The first premise states a rule about all managers, and the second premise identifies Maria as a manager. Applying the rule to Maria yields the valid conclusion that she attends training, so option a follows.
Question 45
A survey of 100 customers found that 80 prefer brand A. The conclusion that most customers prefer brand A assumes
Generalizing from a sample requires that the sample represent the full customer population.
Question 46
Which fact best supports the conclusion that lower bus fares caused ridership to rise?
A prompt increase after the fare change supports the causal link.
Question 47
Which statement most weakens the argument that homework improves grades?
If heavy homework leads to less sleep and worse grades, the argument is weakened.
Question 48
A manufacturer plans to boost exports by opening an office in a new market. Which is an assumption?
The plan assumes that the new market has enough demand to justify the office.
Question 49
Ice cream sales and drowning incidents both rise in summer. What is the best conclusion?
A common seasonal factor can explain the association without direct causation.
Question 50
Which finding most strengthens the claim that exercise improves memory?
Improved memory after the exercise program began supports the causal claim.
Question 51
Choose the correct version: The team ___ preparing for the presentation.
A team acting as a single unit takes a singular verb: The team is preparing.
Question 52
Choose the correct version: She is one of those employees who ___ late.
The relative clause refers to employees, so the plural verb work is correct.
Question 53
Choose the correct version: The agreement was signed between you and ___.
After a preposition such as between, use the object pronoun me.
Question 54
Choose the correct version: The new data ___ the earlier conclusion.
In academic and GMAT usage, data is plural, so the verb is suggest.
Question 55
Choose the correct version: Neither the manager nor the assistants ___ available.
With neither...nor, the verb agrees with the closer subject assistants, which is plural.
Question 56
Choose the correct version: Having finished the report, ___.
The introductory modifier must describe the team, which performed the action.
Question 57
Choose the correct version: The company profits increased more than ___.
The comparison must be parallel: profits increased more than those of its rivals did.
Question 58
Choose the correct version: The report contains ___ mistakes than the draft.
Fewer is used with countable plural nouns such as mistakes, while less is used with uncountable quantities such as time. Because the report compares countable mistakes, option b is correct.
Question 59
Choose the correct version: The reason for the delay is ___.
The noun phrase the reason should be followed by that plus a clause, not because. Therefore the correct idiomatic completion is that the server failed, making option b correct.
Question 60
Choose the correct version: Each of the students ___ a calculator.
Each is a singular indefinite pronoun, so it takes a singular verb. Among the choices, has agrees with each, making option b correct; have would require a plural subject.
Question 61
Which of the following are divisible by 4?
12, 20, and 32 are divisible by 4; 18 and 25 are not.
Question 62
Which of the following are prime numbers?
2, 11, 19, 23, and 29 all have exactly two positive divisors; each is prime.
Question 63
Which expressions are equal to 24?
6 x 4, 48 / 2, and 3 x 8 all equal 24.
Question 64
Which words are closest in meaning to diligent?
Diligent describes someone who works carefully and steadily, so hardworking and industrious are close synonyms. Lazy, careless, and slow carry opposite or unrelated meanings, so options a and c are correct.
Question 65
Which words are closest in meaning to obscure?
Obscure can mean not easily seen, not clearly expressed, or difficult to understand. Hidden, vague, and unclear capture those senses, while clear and obvious are antonyms, so options b, d, and e are correct.
Question 66
Which items would most strengthen an argument?
Supporting evidence and expert testimony strengthen an argument; the others do not.
Question 67
Which data sets have a mean of 10?
The first two pairs average 10, and (7 + 11 + 12) / 3 = 10.
Question 68
Which sentences are grammatically correct?
Data is treated as plural and each takes a singular verb, so both are correct.
Question 69
Type the value of x if 2x + 6 = 20.
Subtract 6 from both sides to isolate the x term: 2x = 20 - 6 = 14. Then divide by 2 to get x = 7, and verify by substituting: 2(7) + 6 = 20.
Question 70
Type the mean of 4, 9, and 11.
Add the three numbers to get 4 + 9 + 11 = 24, then divide by the count of 3: 24 / 3 = 8. The mean is therefore 8, which can be verified by checking that 8 x 3 = 24.
Question 71
Type 3/8 as a decimal.
Divide the numerator by the denominator: 3 divided by 8 equals 0.375. The decimal is exact because 8 x 0.375 = 3, confirming that 0.375 is the correct value.
Question 72
Type the area of a triangle with base 10 and height 6.
Area of a triangle equals one-half times base times height: (1/2) x 10 x 6 = 30. This follows from the formula A = (1/2)bh; using 10 x 6 alone would give 60, twice the correct area.
Question 73
Type the next term in the sequence 5, 15, 45.
Each term is multiplied by 3, so the next term is 135.
Question 74
Type the slope of the line y = 7x + 2.
The slope-intercept form is y = mx + b, where m represents the slope and b represents the y-intercept. In y = 7x + 2, m = 7, so the slope is 7.
Question 75
Match each number property term to its description.
An integer has no fractional part, a prime has exactly two divisors, a composite has more, and a rational number is a ratio of integers.
Question 76
Match each ratio and percent term to its description.
A part is the portion compared, percent is per hundred, the base is the whole amount, and a ratio compares two quantities.
Question 77
Match each argument part to its description.
A premise supports, a conclusion is argued, an assumption is unstated, and a counterexample disproves.
Question 78
Match each grammar term to its description.
The subject performs, the verb expresses action or state, a modifier describes, and a clause contains a subject and verb.
Question 79
Match each quantitative reasoning term to its description.
An average divides a sum by its count, a rate compares an amount to a unit, a proportion sets two ratios equal, and a variable changes.